eslHQ Home
User Name Password
Lost Password? | Join eslHQ.com, it's FREE!
View today's posts
Search Extras Help   

Reply
 
LinkBack Thread Tools Display Modes
  #1 (permalink)  
Old Jun 12th, 2009, 08:25 pm
eslHQ Enthusiast
 
Join Date: Mar 12th, 2009
Location: Iran
Posts: 33
majid72 is on a distinguished road
Default particularly vs in particular?

Hello

Could you please tell me the difference between particularly and in particular?

Thank you.
Reply With Quote
  #2 (permalink)  
Old Jun 13th, 2009, 03:55 am
Sue
 
Join Date: Oct 8th, 2006
Location: Milan
Posts: 1,406
susan53 is on a distinguished road
Default Re: particularly vs in particular?

The meaning is the same, the use is different :

1. In particular is a sentence adverbial. You'll tend to find it at the beginning of a clause or an elliptical phrase, often separated from the clause by a comma: I enjoyed the exhibition. In particular, I liked the impressionist paintings. or .... I liked the impressionist paintings in particular. or I enjoyed the exhibition, and in particular, I liked the impressionist paintings. or I enjoyed the exhibition, and in particular, the impressionist paintings. It is often used in sentence initial position in written English, as in the first example.

2. Particularly can be used in the same way, though is more frequent with co-ordinated clauses and/or elliptical phrases, or in sentence final position. I enjoyed the exhibition, and particularly the impressionist paintings./ .... I liked the impressionist paintings particularly. It doesn't crop up in sentence initial position in written English with the same frequency as in particular - in fact I didn't find any examples of it used like this in the searches I did.

3. However, particularly, being an adverb, can also be used to modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs in a way that in particular can't : I particularly liked the impressionist paintings./ The impressionist paintings were particularly nice. / I studied the impressionist paintings particularly carefully..This is perhaps the most important difference between them.

Here are some examples of each from the Cobuild concordancer, which show those rules working.

In particular

... of nuclear fuel reprocessing and in particular, the economics of the new ...
... the spread of infectious diseases, and in particular of AIDS ....
... the works of Raphael and Domenichino in particular.
.... he returned to the horses he loved, in particular, the Hackneys.
.... opposed to all innovations of any kind. In particular it was dead set against one plan ...


Here, particularly could always be substituted for in particular, though it's much more unlikely in the sentence initial position of the last example and would be less likely to be followed by a comma in the penultimate example.

Particularly

... a background I found particularly useful when dealing with such a range of ...
If the grapes of the year are particularly good, the half-fermented wine
Gardeners are in a particularly high-risk group, although by taking ...
... or putting forward radical ideas are particularly welcome.
He is likely to do particularly well in his work and ...
Yeah, we particularly looked out for it


Here, in particular could never be substituted for particularly.
__________________
An ELT Notebook
The DELTA Course
Reply With Quote
Reply


Currently Active Users Viewing This Thread: 1 (0 members and 1 guests)
 

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

vB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are On

Find the Best TEFL, TESL, TESOL & CELTA Certification Courses - User Submitted Ratings & Reviews for Online, Distance & Abroad TEFL Courses. Over 3,500 reviews of 100+ TEFL schools!

Teach English in Thailand - Onsite and Combined TEFL certification courses in Phuket, Thailand.


Free ESL Flashcards




All times are GMT -5. The time now is 08:39 am.

All materials from this website are for classroom-use only. Digital redistribution of materials, in part or in whole, is strictly forbidden!

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.6.8
Copyright ©2000 - 2024, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.
Search Engine Optimization by vBSEO 3.6.0 PL2